Animals, including humans, have many ways to protect themselves from pathogens. Some of these are physical barriers that stop pathogens getting into the body. We also have chemical defences that help kill pathogens before they can harm us.
Antiseptics is a substance used to stop the spread of pathogens and kill microorganisms outside of the body. They're important where there are a lot of pathogens such as a toilet.
Antibacterial is an antibiotic that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. Plants defend themselves with this. Humans also use this. They put witch Hazel in aftershave to help prevent infections through cuts in the skin.
Antibiotics are substances that kill or slow the growth of bacteria and some fungi. Antibiotics that only affect fungi are called antifungals. Antibiotics can not kill viruses.
Bacteria in a population show variation so some will be more resistant to an antibiotic and take longer to be killed then others.
Less resistant bacteria is killed first. However more resistant bacteria still stays and can cause infection again if the person stops taking antibiotics.
MRSA is a bacterium resistant to many antibiotics.
Key Words:
Physical Barriers
Chemical Defences
Antiseptics
Antibacterials
Antibiotics
Antifungals
Variation
Resistant
MRSA
Questions:
1. Why wiping a surface where meat is being prepared with antiseptics helpful?
2. Why should you always finish a course of antibiotics even if you're feeling better?
What you should know:
How the human body can be effective against attacks from pathogens, including:
a. physical barriers - skin, cillia, mucus.
b. chemical defence - hydrochloric acid in the stomach, lysozymes in tears.
An understanding that plants produce chemicals that have antibacterial effects in order to defend themselves, some of which are used by humans.
How antiseptics can be used to prevent the spread of infection.
The use of antibiotics to control infection, including:
a. antibacterials to treat bacterial infection
b. antifungals to treat fungal infection
How to evaluate evidence that resistant strains of bacteria, including MRSA, can arise from the misuse of antibiotics.
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