Diabetes

Diabetes:
Diabetes is a disease in which a person can not control their blood glucose concentration at the correct level. Low blood glucose concentrations can cause unconsciousness. High blood glucose concentration cause tiredness and can damage organs. If blood glucose concentration is too high, kidneys get rid of it by putting it in urine.

Type 1 diabetes is a diabetes in which the pancreas doesn't produce insulin. So when blood glucose concentrations go too high the body can't bring them back to the correct level. So they must inject insulin each day.

Insulin must be injected into the subcutaneous fat layer because fat easily absorbs insulin. 

Diabetics need to control factors that lower blood glucose levels with those that increase the levels. So the more exercise the less insulin they need to inject.

Type 2 diabetes occurs when cells in a persons body become resistant to insulin even though the hormone is produced. 

Factors that help to cause type 2 diabetes are high-fat diets, lack of exercise, old age and being obese.

Type 2 diabetes is controlled by changing a person's diet and increasing their exercise intake.

People are classed as obese if they have a body mass index (BMI) over 30. 
To calculate a person's BMI you must follow this formula:

BMI = Weight in kilograms
         __________________
            (height in metres)²



Key Words:

Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Subcutaneous Fat
Type 2 Diabetes
Body Mass Index


Questions:

1. What is diabetes?
2. Why must people with type 1 diabetes inject insulin?
3. What must people with type 2 diabetes do to control it?
4. Why does type 2 diabetes not require insulin?


What you should've learnt:

That type 1 diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin.

That Type 1 diabetes can be controlled, including the roles of diet and injection of insulin usually into the subcutaneous fat.

How, in Type 1 diabetes, the level of physical activity and diet affect the amount of insulin required.

That Type 2 diabetes is caused by a person becoming resistant to insulin.

How Type 2 diabetes can be controlled by diet and physical activity.

The correlation between obesity (including calculations of BMI) and Type 2 diabetes.